TABUNG HAJI TOWER, KUALA LUMPUR

BY: SITI HUMAIRA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ (1007P74344)


"The Hour Glass" form is something new but as a sculptural symbol, it represents the spiritual enlightenment promised by the pilgrimage" - Hijjaz Kasturi

The tabung haji building is a landmark of Islam development. A well-known Malaysian architect, Hijjas Kasturi, designed the building. The height of the building is 152 meters (500 feet) with 39 floors. The total construction cost of Tabung Haji building is 95million Ringgit Malaysia. The building has 27 office floors, 7 levels of car parking, 2 floors of room service and two multi-purpose floors such as counters, large hall, cafeteria and lobby. The building is also designed with a cone shaped surau with a capacity of 250 people. It is also used for Friday prayers in which the capacity can be raised to 600 people. The Tabung Haji building was built within three years. It has an area of 55.7k square meters. The geometrical floor plans of the building exhibit a simplistic expression of the tradition in Islamic art. The concept of circular concave curve symbolizes the revolution and modern approach in architecture. The building has five columns that symbolize the five pillars of Islam, as well as meeting the requirements of the building structure itself. One can only see a pillar from one point. This concept implies that the iman and the faith of the believer is not something to be show and proud of, but to be implemented and verified. The most unique feature of the building is, “ALLAH” is carved in Jawi on top of the building. The design symbolizes unity by the conduct of worship which is demanded by Allah swt. 

CASE STUDY PPT - MENARA TABUNG HAJI, KUALA LUMPUR (PROJECT 2)

BY: SITI HUMAIRA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ

HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF ISLAM SINCE ITS BIRTH TILL THE UMAYYAD CALIPHATE

BY: SITI HUMAIRA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ (1007P74344) 

PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH) ERA 
622- Hijrah Muhammad and followers flee to Medina. Islamic calendar begins.

624- Muslims successfully attacked meccan Caravans ar Badr.

625- Muslims defeated by Meccan at Uhud.

630- Muslims captured mecca. Kaabah is cleansed, pilgrimage rites are islamicized and tribes of Arabia vowed allegience to Muhammad.

632- After the death of Muhammad PBUH, a series of four caliphs known as the righty guided succeeded. Under their command, the Arab armies carried the new faith from Arabia to the shores of the Mediterranian and to the eastern reaches of Iran.

CALIPH ABU BAKAR AS-SIQQIQ RULE

633- Muslim armies conquered the Fertile Cresent (Egypt, Syria, Palestine and Mesopotamia), North African Coasts, parts of Persian and also Byzantine empire.

CALIPH UTHMAN IBN AFFAN RULE

650- Caliph Uthman ibn Affan has the Quran written down.

656- Caliph Uthman ibn Affan is murdered. Ali ibn Ali Talib becomes the fourth and last caliph.

CALIPH ALI IBN ABI TALIB RULE

657- Battle of Siffin. Muawiya governor of Syria claims the caliphate.

659- Arbitration at Adruh is opposed by Ali's supporters.

661- Ali is murdered. During Muawiya's reign, the seat of Islamic power was transferred from the Arabian Peninsula to Syria. Under Muawiya's successors, the important hictoric city of Damascus was assigned as the new capital of the new caliphate that extended from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indus River. 

CALIPH ABDUL AL-MALIK IBN MARWAN RULE

691- The Dome of Rock was built by the Umayyad caliph Abdul al-Malik to Jerusalem, Palestine to commemorate Muhammad's ascension to Heaven. It is a monument that stands a top of the site where according to Muslims, the Prophet Muhammad PBUH ascended to heaven after his night journey.

CALIPH AL-WALID IBN ABDUL AL MALIK RULE

706- The great mosque of Damascus, where the site of the former Roman temple and fourth century Byzantine church dedicated to Saint John the Baptist (Yahya) was transformed into the congregational mosque of the Umayyad capital, Damascus.

CALIPH AL WALID 11 IBN YAZID 11 RULE

732- Umayyad caliphate reached its furthest extent. Battle of Tours (Balat ash-Shuhada) prevented Muslim's further advance northwards. 

CALIPH MARWAN 11 IBN MUHAMMAD RULE

745- Abbasid Revolts defeated the Umayyads.

750- Abu Abbas became the first caliph of the new Abbasid caliphate in Iraq.

754- The "city of peace" which is Madinat al-salam in Baghdad became the new capital of the Abbasid caliphate.

RESEARCH TIMELINE ANALYSIS (PROJECT 1)

BY:SITI HUMAIRA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ (1007P74344)

QURAISY BUILDINGS IN THE YEAR 591AC

Kaabah was being repaired after a human incident and a nature disaster thus making the structure weak. The leaders of Quraisy had the board meeting to rebuild the Kaabah that had partly collapse by demolishing and rebuilding it from scratch as it was first built 2645 years before the Quraisy government. Coincidently there was a trader ship passed by so they bought the raw building materials such as planks to make the roof and pillars of the Kaabah. There is a well in the Kaabah that contains treasures given to it, also believed to have a 500 year-old snake with black top and white bottom with a head like a goat. The Quraisy citizens were afraid to demolish the Kaabah as the snake always show itself so they pray to Allah to make the snake stay away if their act to rebuild the Kaabah is blessed.

Then came a bird which took aways the snake so al-Walid started hitting down the Kaabah alone on that day because other citizens were afraid if they will get punished but nothing happened to him so many followed him on the next day to bring down the Kaabah until the ground that looked like a huge green rock with the shape of the humps of a camel. It needed about 30 men to carry a piece of that rock. After that they collected the original building material to be exchanged with their properties but it wasn’t enough to support the costs according to the original build up so they decided to make the Kaabah smaller than actual to 3 metres at the Hijir Ismail section. It was marked by a semicircle so that peoples walk around Kaabah at the back section only which is known as “Hijir Ismail” or “Hatim”. They added the height up to 18 cubits, built the roof with 6 pillars. Only 1 entrance was built to stop unwanted people from entering. During the process, Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. was 35 years old also helped. Every Khalif was given a part of the corner of the Kaabah.

There was a crisis during the Hajarulaswad placement where the Khalifs fought that they their corner deserved to place it. The oldest person among the Quraisy who is Abu Umayyah Huzaifah bin al-Mughirah al-Makhzumi said that the first person that entered the mosque through the door of Bani Syaibah will make the decision and they agreed. The person was Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. He dealt with the matter fairly before placing the Hajarulaswad.

In the year 64 Hijrah which is 683 AC, an attack occurred and Kaabah was on fire. After a meeting, Ibn al-Zubair planned to repair the ruined parts only but a few days after that Abdullah bin Abbas r.a. suggested that Kaabah to be demolished and rebuild according the original built up by Prophet Ibrahim a.s.

AC AL-HAJJAJ BUILDINGS, YEAR 74 HIJRAH/693AC

When Hajjaj bin Yusuf al-Thaqafi and his soldiers killed Abdullah bin al-Zubair, he sent a letter to Khalif Abdul Malik bin Marwan telling him to include Hijr Ismail into Kaabah and also adding another entrance. Next, Hajjaj asked for permission from the Khalifs to build the Kaabah according to the one built by the Quraisy and the Khalif agreed it.

KING MURAD KHAN 4, YEAR 1040 HIJRAH/1630AC

Kaabah remain intact throughout the King Murad 4 rule until 19^th Sya’ban year 1039 Hijrah where a big flood happened in Makkah hus bringing down the wall of Kaabah. Therefore King Murad ordered so that Kaabah was built again like and completed in the month of Ramadan year 1040 Hijrah.

POSITION OF THE BUILDINGS BEFORE ISLAM

For about 200 year before Hijrah, Makkah had turned into a town. When Qusai bin Kilab ruled Makkah, he built and designed the town where the people live around the Bukit Merah valley and Jabal Abu Qubais which faced the valley. Makkah developed into a Holy City to the world of Islam.

DEVELOPMENT AFTER OPENING THE MAKKAH

After Islam came and opening of the town of Makkah in year 8 Hijrah until Khalif Abu Bakar rule the government, there were no changes in the building structure of Kaabah and also the surroundings.

BUILDINGS AND DEVELOPMENT OF MASJIDILHARAM IN HISTORY

1^st: expenditure of Masjidilharam during the rule of Khalif Umar bin al-Khattab r.a. in year 17 H/ 638 AC.

2^nd: rebuilding of Masjidilharam by Khalif Usman bin Affan r.a. in year 26 H/ 646 AC.

3^rd: reconstruction by Abdullah bin al-Zubair r.a. in year 65 H/ 684 AC.

4^th: repair of the mosque by Khalif Abdul Malik bin Marwan in year 75H/ 694 AC.

5^th: expenditure of Masjidilharam by Khalif al-Walid ibn Abdul Malik in year 91 H/ 710 AC.

6^th: expenditure of Masjidilharam by Khalif Abu Ja’far al-Mansur in year 137 H/ 754 AC.

7^th: expenditure by Khalif Muhammad al-Mahdi in year 160 H/ 776 AC.